The Battalion is a unit that is both tactically and administratively self-sufficient. In warfighting, Battalions are capable of independent operations of limited duration and scope.

The Battalion is typically composed of four to six companies, and is commanded by a Lieutenant Colonel (O-5), with a Command Sergeant Major (E-9) as the primary non-commissioned officer assistant. The Commander has a Battalion Staff of officers and non-commissioned officers to oversee missions, training, administration and logistics. The size of a Battalion can vary between 300 - 1,000 soldiers. A Battalion Task-Force (TF) is a Battalion-size unit with additional companies attached in direct support to enhance mission capability.

Lieutenant Colonel O-5
Command Sergeant Major CSM E-9

In Cavalry units (both air and ground), the Battalion is referred to as a Squadron.